KUON GEO

GNSS in Japan

A field guide for engineers arriving from abroad. Six pages, written from primary sources and from this site's own measurements; dates on every number. Start with the satellites, end with the rules and the cost of living.

Japan runs a positioning ecosystem that is unusual in three ways, and none of the three is explained well in English. It broadcasts free centimetre-level corrections from satellites (CLAS) and a free regional PPP service (MADOCA-PPP) that reaches from Southeast Asia to Australia. It maintains about 1,300 state reference stations whose real-time data reach users only through commercial providers, while a few hundred community base stations are open to anyone. And it has its own answers for coordinates: a 2025 revision of every height in the country, and a plane coordinate system with 19 zones where X points north.

This guide is the map of that ecosystem. It does not compete with the official documentation; it tells you which official page to read, what the numbers there mean in the field, and which of this site's free tools applies. It is written by an engineer in Obihiro, Hokkaido, who measures with this equipment every week, and it will be kept current: when a satellite launches or a standard changes, the page changes and the date on it changes.

1 · Satellites QZSS (Michibiki): what is in the sky in 2026, and what it sends Which satellites are up (QZS-5 lost, QZS-7 launched 11 August 2026), what each signal carries, what your existing receiver gets for free and what needs L6 hardware. 2 · Centimetres from the sky CLAS: centimetres inside Japan with no base station The published 6 cm / 12 cm spec, the L6D signal, the NEO-D9C + ZED-F9P arrangement, and how it compares with NTRIP RTK and commercial VRS. 3 · Asia-Oceania MADOCA-PPP: Japan's free PPP broadcast across the region Operational since April 2024, decimetre after 20 to 30 minutes, internet distribution for organisations, MADOCALIB and MIRAI. 4 · Reference stations GEONET's 1,300 stations, and the 400 free community bases How GEONET data reach you (and why not in real time directly), the goodwill stations, and the free list this site publishes without a key. 5 · Coordinates Coordinates and heights: the 2025 revision and the 19 zones JGD2011 became JGD2024 on 1 April 2025 with heights moved up to about 0.6 m; Geoid 2024; EPSG 6669 to 6687 with X north; the 400 m Tokyo Datum trap. 6 · Equipment and rules Bringing equipment: radio law, surveying law, drones, SIM, power, and the cost of living Receive-only gear needs nothing; transmitters need the mark; the 90-day visitor exemption; who must be a registered surveyor; 100 V at 50 or 60 Hz; and where prices are measured.

The tools on this site that this guide points to